Pre-Production - Tattoo Documentary

Editing Sequence

  Editing
editing is where a video clip or photo is being changed/ altered. It can be done by hand editing or manual editing or can even use computers to add visual effects. You can hand edit clips by dipping the developed film into a dye to change the clips colour or even using a pen to use on the film. Editing also includes splicing of clips and shots together within a sequence to create a bigger scene. Editing was first discovered by Georges Melies. He discovered editing when he ran out of film when doing a shot and when he began to record again, he realised that something else was in the shots place and then realised that he could cut footage. Editing enables people to place clips together through different transitions, for example: cuts, fades, wipes and dissolve. Cuts are common within editing, as they are used to insert every shot together to make a scene. Within editing, fades are mainly used at the start and finish of films to either establish incoming shots or to give the scene a smooth transition. Fades are also used to passing of time or a different location, for example, in Star Wars, they use the fade transition to show the audience that they has been a passing of time or a different location. Wipes within editing are rarely used. Wipes can be used to mask around objects or people in a scene while they are moving. Dissolves are used when there is a change of time or location or change of pace within a sequence.

Film and digital footage
Film was the first discovery when recording footage. It was discovered that showing multiple frames of images in an order can make the images look like they are moving. Film can still be used in the film industry but now that film industry have discovered digital, digital has become more popular and is able to increase in quality and is cheaper than film. As modern cameras are becoming more advanced, the cameras that were made before are becoming cheap as they are not as advanced as the new modern cameras. For example, the Arri Alexa camera is the most popular camera used for shooting films.

Visual analysis of a clip
Visual analysis of Wolf Of Wall Street. The one thing that is quickly identified is the main protagonist within the introduction clip. Within the clip, the main protagonist is identified to be the only man in the clip that have a lot of on screen time and most of the shots are close ups. This tells the audience that this man is the main character of the film as all of the shots only follow him and not any other characters in the clip. The only shot that cuts away from the main protagonist is where he is being re-establish to location which he is in. The re-establishing shot of him getting into the limo and then the arrival at the new building allows the audience to be shown a change of scenery which keeps the flow of the continuity of the clip rather than him just getting into the limo then having the next shot of him in the location. This would make the audience confused on how he got to the new location. The flow of continuity allows the illusion that it is happening together rather than having a constructed piece of text for the audience. Within the clip, there are wide range of different shots used, such as medium and close up shots, but they never go further than a medium shot which enables the focal point to be kept on the main protagonist.

This clips shows the main protagonist interacting with the audience by talking to the camera and to keep the audience entertained. This allows the clip to be more entertaining and draws the audiences attention  even though there is nothing major happening within the clip. Within the clip, the main protagonist is explaining his life. This allows the audience to understand him and enables the audience to connect with him as he is the main character within the film. The close up also amplifies the connection the audience will feel. Within the clip where the main character is cutting the cocaine, the use of a low aperture is used to focus on the object and emphasizes to the audience on how important it is to the main character. The clip from 0:37 - 1:00 uses a lot of match on actions for close ups of the main character performing different types of actions. The match on actions allows the cut shots to have better angles and so that close ups don't lose the flow of continuity. If there is no continuity, within the clip it may seem like the character has performed the action again or may seem it has skipped the action. The continuity still happens through multiple shots where the main character throws money ($100 dollar bill) into the bin. The shots that are used within the clip and actions performed in it tells the audience that the main character is very wealthy. Also when he smashes the glass, his emotion shows that he does not care about it. With the limo, company, big house and the close up shot on the money shows that the main character within the film has a large amount of money. With the shot of the main character throwing a $100 dollar bill in the bin tells the audience that as he is so rich, he disregards it and shows little attachment to it.

Within this clip, the long shot that is used shows the sizeof the office and the amount of people who respect and admire the main character. This tells the audience that the main character is an important person due to the people who are excited and glad to see him. This is an important shot within the clip as it shows the audience how much power he has without the use of a close up shot or worms eye view. This shot would also make the audience think that the main character is a good person due to the people respecting him. At 0:26, the clip cuts out the sound and has a non dietetic sound which keeps the audience to feel positive and diverged into the film. This also supports the continuity of the scene as the music within the background adds a certain atmosphere to the film. You can also notice that there are no fades within the clip which means there no changes in times as the car shows the main character travelling to the office. However there is a change of location but the only editing transition needed is a cut. With the car journey, it shows the whole journey and a fade is not needed as a establishing shot can be used.

Window on the world

Starting sequences are the first things the audience will see. The starting sequence will influence the audience’s opinion through showing many different visuals that appeal to importance and urgency. The majority of News intro sequences will use the world to show that they can see everything within world and suggests they bring you the news from every corner of the world. This also suggests that the news station is looking over the world without the use of interfering or interacting but giving an unbiased and observational view of what the world is like. The News can also use transparent objects to portray this impartial and observational type. They use transparent objects as a metaphor for being able to see through the objects, just as the audience are able to see through the news and suggest that nothing is hidden from the viewers however, the news are able to hide things from the audience that has something to do with the world. The news also often uses a transparent background so the viewers are able to see through their backdrop and see into the media room behind. This will show the viewers how you can see them working; this suggests impartiality to the viewers. This shows hard working people who will often be informed; they will be in the background, this is so they can usually look a lot busier to maintain the illusion of importance and urgency for the news.

The law on impartiality is very strict and essential for a news team to follow in order to be able to host the news. The news are legally required to be reported with accuracy and impartiality. This means they are not allowed to report anything that has not happened and they are also required to have the correct info on the event otherwise they are legally not allowed to report it. If they are to show anything that is not impartial or anything that hasn’t got enough evidence, they must instantly correct it on air, otherwise their station will most likely be shut down. When it is corrected, they must state clearly, what they have reported wrongly and correct it, admitting their mistake. This law is stated in 5.1 and 5.2 of the OFCOM broadcast code. This is a certain amount of rules which TV stations/channels must abide by to be able to produce content and continue showing content which will be shown to the public otherwise it will not be shown.

As many people would say the News is fair and impartial, this is clearly not the case. The News are clever and find ways to avoid being impartial as it is impossible to be completely impartial. It will be covered and not very clear to see such as when attacks such as the London stabbings and Manchester bombings recently, have been shown in a point of view against ISIS. This may not be an impartial view when it is reported as they are referred to the incident as terrorists attacks. The News is not impartial when it comes to what they are reporting. The content that they choose to report on the news is chosen carefully through different characteristics. This must be closely analysed by two media researchers called Gultang and Ruge. They identified a set amount of principles that the News would use to decide what is more important and going to be reported to the nation. These principles were: immediacy, familiarity, amplitude, frequency, unambiguity, predictability, surprise, continuity, elite nations/people, personalisation, negativity and balance.

Just as the News has a process for what can be put on the air and reported, they have a process for the stories too. They call this the gate keeping process. This process is essentially all of the people and obstacles which the story will have to go through to be decided if it will be going to be broadcast. It will first start off at the source of the News. They need to consider if it is a solid source, the reliability of the source and the information must not be falsified. They are more likely to take a story from a celebrity who is well known rather than a drunk homeless person in the street. They must consider the evidence into which the story will be based on. They must not report a story which has insufficient evidence otherwise they may report something that is incorrect and will lose their credibility to the public. The next process is economics. This means will they be able to fund the story and the research into it. These costs can come from having to travel to these locations if they are further away or if it is a last minute story. They might have to pay for accommodation of the employees if they are to stay there over a longer period of time. This funding may be shortened if the stories that they are reporting might be useless. This means that their funding needs to be spent carefully to make sure that they get the best stories with their budget. Competition within the news department is a big factor that can influence a decision to put something on the news. Their competition with other news companies to get the most amount of views is important to win to the news companies and helps a lot if one company is to cover a story before the others as it is an uncovered story, it is new to the public and will therefore be more appealing. But it has been shown by other news companies, when someone clicks onto material that has already been shown they will not want to view it as they may already know all about it from another news company. News companies will always reserve stories just in case their story has been covered by another news corporation so they can have fresh material to report. The News gathering process can be a difficult process as it requires the majority of the characteristics of Gultang and Ruges specifications which make up news stories. If they do not have the majority of these, they will most likely not make the cut back to be used as a reserve story if the main stories do not go to plan. Late breaking stories can be a difficult issue as it requires a lot of work in order to be able to be presented by a news company. This can set the main story back and may even shorten down the length or cut out the original length of some of the other stories. The stories that are cut are decided upon by how many of the specific qualities of Gultang and Ruges theory are in the story. This can take a lot of work to be able to fit in and will be essential to gather the information for that story before another news company covers it first. Technical issues can be a major setback if it comes to something as important as the main story that is going to be used. Technical issues can occur with any technology whether this is during the gathering process or during the reporting section of the production. If a camera is to break during filming a story that is as important as a terrorist attack, they will lose vital footage which may attract a lot more viewers or may even be used for evidence.

Overall, in conclusion, the news can show the reality of the world to a certain extent. They can show us anything what they think we want to be shown. With the world today, TV news construct us to believe anything that they tell us as every TV news station tells us similar but different stories of when an incident happens within the world. Its hard to believe what is true but audiences have to accept that its true what the the news tells us as every TV news show tells us similar things which will make the audience think that what they tell us about the reality of the world is true. 

Careers booklet

I am well organised
1. I keep things tidy
2. I manage my time correctly
3. I keep my computer files in places that are easy to reach

I work good as a team
1. I am good at listening
2. I am good at leading and taking control when needed
3. I am good at explaining to others if they need advice

I am good at working individually
1. I am not dependant on others
2. I am good at coming up with my own ideas
3. I create and meet my own deadlines

I am good at expressing my ideas
1. I make sure everyone understands what my idea is
2. I am good at communicating with others
3. I use different types of way to express my ideas

I am respectful to others
1. I don't talk over other people
2. I value everyone's opinions and answers
3. I give them time to express their views


I am currently in fulltime college education while working part time at McDonald's. Last year I took GCSE Film Studies and this year I went up a level and took AS Level Film Studies along side studying BTEC Creative Media at Level 3. At the end of that course I should come out with a Merit. Next year I need BBB to get into my chosen university so I can get my Bachelors of Film and Television degree (BA Hons) and then finally graduate after 3 years.

Director
ADirector is responsible for turning the script into a moving image. They tell the actors how they want the characters to come across and how they should portray their emotions. They also tell the camera operators to cut when they think the scene is to their liking. They also decide weather or not they should film another take.

A Film Director controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects and visualises screenplay (or the script) while guiding the technical crew and actors to make their visions come to life. The Director choose the cast members, Production Designers and all the creative aspects of the shoot.

to become a director you do not need a special qualification or training but going to university sure does help you get where you want. Working your way up from freelancing is another good way to get into Directing.

Editors
An editors job role is to take all the clips from the Camera Operator and mix them together in the Directors order of the script to make the story become real

An editor works along side the Director during the editing process and goes through each clip to edit them together to make the Directors visions come to life

You may need some specific training on how to use the software but most editors can start on a freelance basis hired by either the Writers or Directors

Camera Operators
The Camera Operators job role is to film and capture the Directors visions, guided by the Assistant Director and Director of Photography

The role entails working the camera and rolling it just after the Assistant Director has asked. The Camera Operator cuts the camera after the Directors says cut. Just before filming or before filming another take the Director of Photography will guide the Camera Operator on how he/she wants the shot to look like.

You may need some specific training to use the camera equipment but starting from a freelance basis is beneficial



National Press is an organisation for journalists and other professionally engaged in the production and dissemination news
This is good for journalists and can help young writers be in with a chance of getting a job

Trade Press is a Trade Magazine also called a Trade Journal or Professional Magazine is a magazine whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry . They may also contain industry specific job notices
This can help any person looking to get a job in the industry as it has a page where it has jobs available and would tell you how to apply.

The internet is a great place to start if you are looking for a job in the industry. Many websites like Indeed Job Search can help you find a job in your postal code area.

Trade Fairs are where businesses promote their products or services
This could be a great place to go if you are a looking for a first job. They have team members there to guide you along with what you are looking for

Word of mouth, this is also great because you might have people you know who has a job in the industry or they know someone who works in the industry, they could put in a good word for you and you cold easily get a freelance job or to be a paid runner to start off so you can work your way up.

Personal Contacts and Networking is also a great way to start getting out there and to connect with people in the industry. Giving away your email and number at a networking place you might be lucky to get someone who's looking for the role you're most strongly at.

Internal Promotion is where you are already in the job company or business and you get a promotion. You might already be in the industry like a runner or working freelance. This could be your opportunity to work your way up through the stages of where you want to be.

Portfolio/E-portfolio is a book or website about what you have achieved or made. Having one of these is a great way to start promoting your films.

Show reels are short films the at show a subject that you're most proud of making, this could be shown in your community centre or library or could even be shown to future employers so they have a rough idea of what you're capable of.

Personal Websites are websites to give to companies if you want to be known or hired for a job. this should have your contact details ona sswell so people can get a hold of you if they want to hire you for a job.


Interviewing Skills
Do's:
- Make Eye Contact
- Nod, this shows you understand what's going on
- Dress Smart
- Shake Hands
- Smile
- Always tell the truth, because if you lie, they will find out.

Don'ts:
- Look Down
- Bite Nails
- Mumble
- Slouch
- Yawn
- Shake your leg or tap your fingers

Presentation Skills
Do's
- Make it Exciting
- Engage the audience or panel
- Smile
- Make sure to ask if anyone has any questions
- Always face the audience
- Rehearse your lines
- Make eye contact with everyone

Don'ts:
- Don't read from the slide
- Not too many words written on the slide, makes it look boring
- Don't stutter or say umm
- Don't mumble
- Don't stand still for too long, makes you look nervous
- Don't walk around too much, can be very distracting

Self-Presentation
Linguistic Skills
Do's:
- Speak clearly
- Use a translator
- Make eye contact

Don'ts:
- Don't speak with your hands, can confuse or put people off

Dress Codes
Do's:
Males
- Smart Shirt
- Tie
- Smart Trousers
- Blazer
Females
- Smart Blouse
- Smart Trousers or Skirt
Both
- Smart shoes

Don'ts:
- Trainers
- Jeans
- Tracksuits
- Hats (except the Hijab or Turbans)
- Sunglasses

Interpersonal Skills
Do's:
- Eye Contact
- Speak clearly
- Ask if anyone has any questions

Don'ts:
- Don't mumble
- Don't swear
- Don't look down
- Don't slouch

References
Do's:
- School
- College
- University
- Other Job placements
- Work experience

Don'ts:
- Family
- Friends




Training on the Job and Continuing Professional Development:
it refers to the process of tracking and documenting the skills, knowledge and experience that you gain both formally and informally as you work, beyond any initial training
For example: Apprenticeships

Self-Training:
Refers to the form of training where the learner takes responsibility for managing their own training
For example: Self-Employed

Trade Unions:
an organised association of workers in a trade, group of trades or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests
For example: Under 18's can not work more than 4 hours without a break

Sector Skills Councils:
Are employer-led organisations that cover specific industries in the United Kingdom. They have four key goals to support employers in developing and managing apprenticeship standards to reduce skills gaps and shortages and improve productivity.

Careers Services:
Helps students and alumni seek, identify and prepare them for career advertising and job seeking advice
For example: School/Colleges/Universities have career services to help young people find part time or full time work.



Subject: GCSE Photography
English: I used English to write up my explanations, descriptions and analysis'
Mathematics: I used maths to help me calculate when I will be taking out my print from the dark room
ICT: I used ICT to photoshop pictures and print them out

Subject: AS Level Film Studies
English: I used English to help me structure my essays
Mathematics: I used maths to help me know when to cut a bit of music
ICT: I used ICT to help me do my editing

Subject: BTEC Creative Media
English: I used English to help me structure my analysis and essays for my coursework
Mathematics: I used maths to help me know when my filming will be done and how mnay clips I will need to reach my time.
ICT: I used ICT to help me edit the clips and make a film

Job Advertisement Letter of Complaint

07/06/2017

To whom it may concern,

          I am writing to you to let you know that I came across your job advertisement for the Apprentice Digital Video Production Producer role posted on the 12/02/2015. I have read some concerning aspects of your job advertisement and I would like to address them in the letter. I would also like to mention that the contract goes against the confidentiality clauses.  The job application says that you have to be Male/Female (Aged below 30) this infringes The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 this legislation quotes that “legislation in the United Kingdom, which prohibits employers unreasonably discriminating against employees on grounds of age” (Wikipedia). You have also stated that the candidate has to have a religious belief of Christianity; this can offend people from other religious backgrounds. In the Employment Equality (Religion and Belief) Regulations 2003 quotes that “United Kingdom labour law designed to combat discrimination in relation to people's religion or belief, or absence of religion or belief” (Wikipedia)

The job role description/brief discusses how the candidate will be recording a short documentary interviewing male rape offenders and female victims about a No Means No date rape campaign, which is for 12-16 year olds for a viewing in a high school. This is inappropriate for their age range. In your job description, it states that I will have to interview female victims and male offenders, this could happen to males or female so stating the stereotypical gender roles is sexist. The Job description also states that I will have to make dramatized re-enactments of the topic. This is going against health and safety rules, as while you do not employ me the trade unions do not protect me against things like these so allowing me to film such a graphic topic is outrageous.

While making this documentary you did not specify what code of practise you use and how I should behave during filming for the task. This could possibly lead some other applicants in a different direction as it may seem like they can react or behave however, they want, this could get some of them arrested. You do not have the appropriate policies and procedures as you demand to re-enact a rape scene and show this to children aged 12-16.  For the documentary, you did not specify how the victims and the offenders should look and how they should act. By you stating that in the documentary, it should include female victims and male offenders, this tells me that in the video, mostly all males are sex offenders and that most victims are females. This shows a representation that is quite stereotypical and sexist, which can offend both genders. As showing this video to children aged 12-16, it would give them a bad representation that mostly males are sex offenders and that victims are only females, this will make the male students think that all males have to act that way and that females are weak and vulnerable. The media portrays male sex offenders as older men (for example Jimmy Savile), this tells the audience that male offenders are mostly elderly and showing this to students aged 12-16, they would get the wrong idea that their grandads are sex offenders.

The Ofcom broadcasting code sets standards, which protects the viewers from harmful and offensive content. Your documentary you want the applicants to make for 12-16 year olds goes strongly against this as you will be showing dramatized re-enactments of rape, this could mentally harm them because of their age. 18 age rated movies are the only movies that could have a rape scene in them because it is for adults’ eyes only as it could scar the younger generation. In the Obscene Publication Act 1959, it quotes “Prior to the passage of the Act, the law on publishing obscene materials was governed by the common law case of R v Hicklin, which had no exceptions for artistic merit or the public good” (Wikipedia). It also states in the title that it is An Act to amend the law relating to the publication of obscene matter; to provide for the protection of literature; and to strengthen the law concerning pornography. This means that with your job application advert and the documentary the applicants have to make, it is proof that what they are making and showing 12-16 year olds is illegal, as the documentary would be classed as pornography.

Yours Sincerely,

Tia-Jade Webber

Advert Analysis - Comfort

Technologies In The Television and Film Industies